1.將短句變長難句
考研作文特別強(qiáng)調(diào)句式多樣,要求句子長短錯(cuò)落有致,為了做到這一點(diǎn),我們可以通過分詞、從句、介詞或形容詞詞組等形式將若干簡單句整合為復(fù)雜句,這樣不僅可以提高句子之間的緊密程度,而且還能增強(qiáng)整篇文章的邏輯性和連貫性.例如:
(1)There was once a famous detective.
(2)He was named Sherlock Holmes.
(3)He lived in London.
(4)The time was at the end of the nineteenth century.
這四個(gè)短句可以整合成:There was once a famous detective named Sherlock Holmes who lived in London at the end of nineteenth century.
2.去掉there be句型
復(fù)雜的句型中there be 句型常用、易用,同時(shí)也很容易被濫用.在考場作文中我們不難見到大量there be 引導(dǎo)的句子,其實(shí)它們中的絕大多數(shù)可以精簡.很多同學(xué)都喜歡在考研英語一圖畫作文的第一段用there be句型來描述圖畫中的內(nèi)容,例如2002年的考研試題:There is an American girl who wears the traditional Chinese clothes in the picture.我們可以將句子改為:The picture depicts an American girl wearing the traditional Chinese clothes. there be 句型一般表示“某地有某物”,在變換時(shí),可以使用一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)詞進(jìn)行替換.再比如:There were more foreign students in the classroom than the natives.可以改寫為:Foreign students outnumbered the natives in the classroom.除了去掉 there be 結(jié)構(gòu)之外,這里還使用 outnumber 來代替 more...than... 這一個(gè)比較結(jié)構(gòu).類似的詞還有 outweigh, outlive, outshine, outclass, outgrow, outperform 等.
3.替換if從句
除了there be 句型外,If從句意為“如果……那么……”,在寫作中也很常見,也可以采用一些技巧進(jìn)行變換.例如:If the people fail to realize environmental problems, future generations will suffer.可以將if the people fail to do something替換為名詞表達(dá)failure to do something,同時(shí)對相應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行詞性變換,這樣可以讓句子結(jié)構(gòu)更加緊湊,表達(dá)效果更好:Failure to realize environmental problems will cause/result in the suffering of future generations.
4.替換although/even if /even though從句
此外,although/even if/even though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句受中文表述影響容易與but連用,避免此類問題的一個(gè)方法就是替換表達(dá).可以用despite/in spite of+名詞表達(dá)的形式來代替,比如:Although he did not receive professional training, he is a good actor.我們可以將它改為:He is a good actor in spite of his lack of professional training.
以上是針對句式多變所提出的一些變換潤色的方式,可以運(yùn)用到考研英語的寫作中,當(dāng)然再多的技巧還是離不開練習(xí)鞏固,因此,同學(xué)們對于寫作更多的是要注重日常歇息積累,加強(qiáng)練習(xí),做到熟能生巧.